Understanding Menopause: Its Impact on Musculoskeletal and Joint Health
As we age the female body undergoes a natural biological transition called menopause. While menopause is commonly associated with symptoms like hot flushes and mood swings, many are unaware of its profound effects on musculoskeletal health. In the United Kingdom, where women typically experience menopause around the age of 51, understanding these changes is crucial for maintaining overall well-being. We are daily updated online about menopause and the education out there is getting better all the time. But the affect of menopause and perimenopause is still poorly understood. In our clinic we will often see ladies with joint pain or musculoskeletal pain secondary to menopausal symptoms.
What is the menopause?
Menopause marks the end/ change of a woman’s reproductive years, characterised by hormonal fluctuations, particularly a decline in estrogen levels. The typical age in the UK is in the mid 50’s but perimenopause can start from our early 40’s. This hormonal shift doesn’t just impact reproductive health; it also influences the musculoskeletal system. Estrogen plays a crucial role in maintaining bone density and joint health. As its levels decline during menopause, women become more susceptible to musculoskeletal issues.
What are the concerns during menopause?
One of the most significant concerns during menopause is osteoporosis, a condition characterised by weakened bones. Estrogen helps regulate bone turnover, and its decline can accelerate bone loss, leading to osteoporosis. Women going through menopause are at a higher risk of fractures, especially in weight-bearing bones like the hips, spine, and wrists. This increased fragility can result in debilitating injuries and chronic pain.
Why do my joints ache?
Joint pain is another common complaint during menopause. Estrogen receptors are present in joint tissues, and the hormone influences the production of collagen, a protein essential for joint integrity. As estrogen levels decrease, joint tissues may become thinner and less resilient, leading to stiffness, inflammation, and pain. Conditions like osteoarthritis, characterised by the degeneration of joint cartilage, may also worsen during menopause, exacerbating joint discomfort.
Muscle mass and strength are also affected by hormonal changes during menopause. Estrogen contributes to muscle protein synthesis, and its decline can lead to muscle weakness and fatigue. This loss of muscle mass, known as sarcopenia, can impact mobility and increase the risk of falls and fractures.
How to manage Menopausal joint and muscle issues
Managing musculoskeletal symptoms during menopause is essential for maintaining quality of life. Firstly, maintaining a healthy lifestyle is crucial. Regular weight-bearing exercise, such as walking, jogging, or strength training, helps preserve bone density and muscle mass. A balanced diet rich in calcium and vitamin D supports bone health, while staying hydrated aids joint lubrication and flexibility.
Additionally, hormone replacement therapy (HRT) may be prescribed to alleviate menopausal symptoms and mitigate musculoskeletal issues. HRT replaces estrogen (in perimenopause tops it up)and, in some cases, progestin to balance hormone levels and reduce symptoms like hot flushes and night sweats. Unfortunately HRT may not be suitable for everyone, so it’s essential to discuss the potential benefits and drawbacks with a healthcare professional. Educating yourself about Menopause is important as it will improve your quality of life and help you make good or better choices with valid information. The attitudes to topping up the hormones are changing and armed with good information you can be be confident speaking to your GP about how you can best manage your symptoms.
Furthermore, incorporating complementary therapies like acupuncture, massage, or physical therapy can provide relief from musculoskeletal pain and improve mobility. These holistic approaches address both the physical and emotional aspects of menopausal symptoms, promoting overall well-being. You may find seeing a menopause specialist helpful to talk through you case
Its a process
Menopause is a natural phase of life that brings about significant changes in the body, including its impact on musculoskeletal and joint health. Understanding these effects empowers us ladies to take proactive steps to maintain their physical well-being during this transitional period. By adopting healthy lifestyle habits, seeking medical guidance when needed, and exploring complementary therapies, women can navigate menopause with greater comfort and vitality.